Four accused in black-market scheme to smuggle hundreds of Nvidia GPUs to China—while raking in millions | Fortune

Four accused in black-market scheme to smuggle hundreds of Nvidia GPUs to China—while raking in millions | Fortune

By Amanda Gerut
Publication Date: 2025-11-21 00:34:00

Federal authorities arrested four men for shipping contraband Nvidia chips, which are critical components for artificial intelligence companies. The men allegedly created an elaborate smuggling network that saw the chips shipped from Alabama through Malaysia and Thailand, and eventually to recipients in China, the Department of Justice announced on Thursday. 

The accused men failed to obtain such permission as they allegedly sought to evade export controls that restrict the shipment of Nvidia graphics processing units (GPUs). According to an indictment, the military in the People’s Republic of China (PRC) sought the chips for “weapons design and testing, including for weapons of mass destruction as well as in connection with the PRC’s development and deployment of advanced AI surveillance tools.” It added that China is developing supercomputing capabilities and intends to become “the world leader in AI by 2030.”

The export controls, imposed by the Department of Commerce’s Bureau of Industry and Security on advanced computing chips and on computers and devices that contain the chips, have been in place since October 2022. 

“As demonstrated by this indictment, the U.S. Attorney’s Office for the Middle District of Florida is firmly committed to safeguarding our country’s national security,” said U.S. Attorney Gregory W. Kehoe for the Middle District of Florida in a statement.  “Thanks to the dedicated investigative work by our law enforcement…