GitHub Actions is a platform for continuous integration and continuous deployment that automates build, test, and deployment activities. Using GitHub Self-Hosted Runners on AWS allows for more control over the environment in which code is built, reducing security risks and costs. Best practices include understanding security responsibilities, using short-lived AWS credentials, configuring ephemeral runners, isolating runners with Runner Groups, optimizing runner startup time with warm pools, creating optimized AMIs, using Spot instances to save costs, and recording runner metrics with Amazon CloudWatch for observability. These practices ensure security, scalability, and cost efficiency when using GitHub Actions with EC2 self-hosted runners on AWS.
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https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/devops/best-practices-working-with-self-hosted-github-action-runners-at-scale-on-aws/